Harrow



(No Model.) v

' E. E. WHIPPLE.

HARROW.

Patented Nov. 18, 1888.

M Attornays,

mg i8 FL PETERS. Fhulu-hlhograptwr Wadvinglon. I10.

UNITED STATES MATENT tries.

EFFINGER E. \VI'IIPPLE, OF EATON RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. $92,654:. datedNovember 13, 188

Applieation filed March 15, 1888. Serial No. 267,245.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EFFING-ER E. WHIPPLE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at the City of Eaton Rapids, in the county of Eaton andState of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Harrows,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in harrows in which the teeth arefastened to arched beams bolted to a front and rear sill; and theobjects of my improvements are to provide a cheap, durable, and elasticharrow and to facilitate the cultivation of the ground with a harrow soconstructed as to combine at once the benefits of a roller, leveler, andbarrow. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a detail view inperspective of the entire harrow ready for operation. Fig. 2 is the beamwith atooth attached. Fig. 3 is the sill; Fig. 4, the beam; Fig. 5, thebeam and sill; Fig. 6, a tooth; Fig. 7, the evener; Fig. 8, an end viewof the liarrow; Fig. 9, a like View of the harrow; Fig. 10, the beam andsills,- Fig.11, an end view of one of the beams.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The sills A A AA and beams B B B constitute the framework of my improvedharrow.

The barrow is made in one or more sections, and can be connected in thecenter by hinges; or, if preferred, swivel joints or rings and hooks maybe used. The beam B is constructed of spring-steel crowning in thecenter, with the endsb b straightened, as shown in Fig. 4. In each ofthe ends I) b of the beam B are drilled two holes, and in the back ofthe beam B are drilled the two holes 0 0 near the shoulders of the beamB. I do not wish to be confined, however, to the entire beam beingconstructed of metal or in a continuous piece, since the entire piece orback can be constructed of wood and the sloping sides 1' s can beattached thereto, as shown in Fig. 9. The foot 6 b of the beam B canalso be dispensed with by drilling holes on a 0 in the sloping sides 1"s, Fig. 11.

The sill A is of convenient length fora section of the harrow, and canbe constructed either of wood or iron, through which holes at :0 m arebored or drilled at the desired dis- (N'o model.)

tance apart intended for the beams B B B. If it is intended for thesections of the harrow not to run parallel to each other, the innerends, 2' i, of the sill A Ain Fig. 3 will be cut mitering. Otherwise theends 1' t can be made square.

For the purpose of disclosing to others unskilled in the art the mannerof constructing and operating my device, I bolt the teeth a a ato thecrowning part of the beams B B B at c 0, each alternate tooth turning inan opposite direction. Any number of teeth can be attached to thecrowning part of the beam B by increasing the distance between thesloping sides r .9. By having the sloping sides 9' s constructed. ofsteel and by using springsteel teeth a a an elasticity is given to theharrow especially adapted to rough, uneven, or stony ground, althoughany style of teeth desired can be used. I now bolt the sills A A to thebeams B B B by means of bolts passing through the ends I) b of the beamBand the sills A A, or, if desired, the sills A A can be bolted to thesloping sides 0- s, Fig. 11. The sills A A can be bolted onto theslopingsides 1 s at any desired distance from the ends I) b by having the holesin n o drilled at the place desired. The sills A A can be bolted on thetop of the ends I) b or underneath or on the top or under side of thesloping sides 1' s.

In all instances it is not necessary to use both of the sloping sides 0-s and both the forward and rear sills A A, as the forward sill A, whennot needed as a leveler, may be dispensed with by attaching the forwardends of the beams B B B to a rod or sill for the purpose of connectingthe draft. in which case such a beam as is shown in Fig. 9 ispreferable, with the top B of wood and the sloping side 7' of steel,carrying the leveler in the rear. The rear sill A, dragging upon theground, erases all furrows made by the teeth and leaves the ground in asmooth condition for planting or sowing. The teeth a a a may also beattached to the sills A A A, crossing the crowning part of the beams B BB. (See Fig. 10.)

The harrow may also be constructed by at taching the sloping sides 1- sand the sills A A, Fig. 8, to an ordinary cultivator, or theforward-sloping side and sill may be dispensed The sills A A may also bewith, if desired.

bolted high or low on the sloping sides 1' s of the beam B, and therebyoperate as a gage for raising or lowering the teeth aa a.

The barrow is operated by attaching the evener O with the chainsff tothe sills A A, to which the horses may be hitched.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

1. Thegraduated springing beams carrying the teeth, with an adjustablesill in front and behind the teeth attached thereto, substantially asset forth and described.

2. Inharrows, the combination of thebeams drooping behind for thepurpose of carrying a leveler, with the adjustable rear leveler, andhaving springs attached to the beams or to crosspieces fastened to thebeams, substantially as set forth.

.3. In harrows, the straight beams with a spring attachment in front andin the rear, with levelers attached thereto, the beams carryingspring-teeth projecting forward, substantially as set forth anddescribed.

4. In harrows, spring arch-beams, with a graduated leveler attached tothe front end and to the rear thereof, with teeth attached to the beamsby bolts-passing through the springteet-hand beams, substantially as setforth and described.

EFFINGER E. WHIPPLE.

WVitnesses:

CHAS. S. COBB, H. H. HAMILTON.

